{"id":38,"date":"2014-04-29T09:08:38","date_gmt":"2014-04-29T07:08:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/chitosanlab.com\/en\/?page_id=38"},"modified":"2014-05-09T10:22:57","modified_gmt":"2014-05-09T08:22:57","slug":"chitosan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/chitosanlab.com\/en\/chitosan\/","title":{"rendered":"Chitosan"},"content":{"rendered":"
C<\/div>\n

hitosan is a biodegradable, non-toxic, linear cationic polymer\u00a0obtained by the N-deacetylation of chitin.\u00a0The substance is not soluble in water but\u00a0becomes\u00a0soluble in dilute acids when the degree of deacetylation is over\u00a050%. When chitin reaches a nitrogen content of more than 7%, or when the degree of\u00a0deacetylation exceeds 60% the term chitosan is favoured. \u00a0Chitosan has\u00a0great\u00a0biological properties\u00a0but due to his poor aqueous solubility, it\u00a0is often depolymerized to create\u00a0low molecular weight chitosans (LMWCs) and Chitooligosaccharides (COSs) , both readily soluble in water due\u00a0to their shorter chain lengths and free amino groups.\u00a0By introducing\u00a0small functional groups such as, alkyl or carboxymethyl groups, we can strongly\u00a0increase chitosan solubility\u00a0at neutral and alkaline pH\u00a0without affecting its cationic character.\u00a0Chitosan\u00a0is a versatile polymer with many functional groups available for chemical modification, therefore\u00a0it displays a lot of potential for\u00a0commercial applications \u00a0such as food, cosmetics , biotechnology, agriculture, environmental protection\u00a0and wastewater management…<\/p>\n

<\/a><\/div>\n

Among characteristics of chitosan greatly influencing the properties of formulations. We have\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • viscosity and molecular weight<\/li>\n
  • degree of deacetylation<\/li>\n
  • degree of purety\u00a0: ash content and protein, turbidity, heavy metal concentration, microbial\u00a0count<\/li>\n
  • source\u00a0: squid,\u00a0shrimp<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    <\/h4>\n

    Influence of the preparation method on its physicochemical properties<\/h4>\n

    During chitosan deacetylation, the degradation of the\u00a0polymer chain takes place. At the same time, the crystallinity of chitosan can be damaged by using harsh reaction conditions. Taking these facts into account, the reaction\u00a0conditions must be controlled when preparing chitosan. Experience shows\u00a0that the proper conditions to deacetylate chitin avoiding high degradation involve using heterogeneous conditions with NaOH 75% \u00a0and a temperature\u00a0of 110\u00baC. The type of crustacean and the chitin isolation\u00a0process are also factors that affect chitosan quality. Just as chitin, chitosan has a crystalline structure and according to its origin and extraction process, final crystallinity may\u00a0vary.<\/p>\n

    Physicochemical characterization\u00a0of Chitin and Chitosan<\/h4>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Physico Chemical Characteristics<\/span><\/span><\/th>\nDetermination methods<\/span><\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
    Degree of deacetylation (DD)<\/span><\/td>\ninfrared spectroscopy
    \nderivative spectrophotometry
    \nnuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    \nconductometric titration
    \npotentiometric titration
    \ndifferential calorimetry scanning<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Molecular weight<\/span><\/td>\nviscosimetry
    \ngel permeation chromatography
    \nlight scattering method<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Crystallinity<\/span><\/td>\nX-ray diffraction\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Moisture content<\/span><\/td>\nGravimetric analysis<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Ash content<\/span><\/td>\nGravimetric analysis<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Protein content<\/span><\/td>\nBradford assay<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    hitosan is a biodegradable, non-toxic, linear cationic polymer\u00a0obtained by the N-deacetylation of chitin.\u00a0The substance is not soluble in water but\u00a0becomes\u00a0soluble in dilute acids when the degree of deacetylation is over\u00a050%. When chitin reaches a nitrogen content of more than 7%, or when the degree of\u00a0deacetylation exceeds 60% the term chitosan is favoured. \u00a0Chitosan has\u00a0great\u00a0biological properties\u00a0but due to his poor aqueous solubility, it\u00a0is often depolymerized to create\u00a0low molecular weight chitosans (LMWCs) and Chitooligosaccharides (COSs) , both readily soluble in water due\u00a0to their shorter chain lengths and free amino groups.\u00a0By introducing\u00a0small functional groups such as, alkyl or carboxymethyl groups, we can strongly\u00a0increase chitosan solubility\u00a0at neutral and alkaline pH\u00a0without affecting its cationic character.\u00a0Chitosan\u00a0is a versatile polymer with many functional groups available for chemical modification, therefore\u00a0it displays a lot of potential for\u00a0commercial applications \u00a0such as food, cosmetics , biotechnology, agriculture, environmental protection\u00a0and wastewater management… Among characteristics of chitosan greatly influencing the properties of formulations. We have\u00a0: viscosity and molecular weight degree of deacetylation degree of purety\u00a0: ash content and protein, turbidity, heavy metal concentration, microbial\u00a0count source\u00a0: squid,\u00a0shrimp Influence of the preparation method on its physicochemical properties During chitosan deacetylation, the degradation of the\u00a0polymer chain takes place. At the same time, the crystallinity of chitosan can be damaged by using harsh reaction conditions. Taking these facts into account, the reaction\u00a0conditions must be controlled when preparing chitosan. Experience shows\u00a0that the proper conditions to deacetylate chitin avoiding high degradation involve using heterogeneous conditions with NaOH 75% \u00a0and a temperature\u00a0of 110\u00baC. The type of crustacean and the chitin isolation\u00a0process are also factors that affect chitosan quality. Just as chitin, chitosan has a crystalline structure and according to its origin and extraction process, final crystallinity may\u00a0vary. Physicochemical characterization\u00a0of Chitin and Chitosan Physico Chemical Characteristics Determination methods Degree of deacetylation (DD) infrared spectroscopy derivative spectrophotometry nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy conductometric titration potentiometric titration differential calorimetry scanning Molecular weight viscosimetry gel permeation chromatography light scattering method Crystallinity X-ray diffraction\u00a0 Moisture content Gravimetric analysis Ash content Gravimetric analysis Protein content Bradford assay<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-38","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nEurope chitosan supplier<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Your chitosan source in Europe. 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